(1) V International bone diagenesis meeting, University of cape Town
Organising
Committee
Becky Ackermann Dept. of Archaeology, University of Cape Town
Lucinda Backwell Inst. of Human Evolution, School of Geosciences,
University of the Witwatersrand (Post-conference excursion)
Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan Dept of Zoology, University of Cape Town
Julia Lee-Thorp (Chair) Dept of Archaeological Sciences, University of
Bradford, and Dept of Archaeology, University of Cape Town
Judith Sealy Dept of Archaeology, University of Cape Town
Francis Thackeray Palaeontology Dept, Transvaal Museum, Northern
Flagship Institution, Pretoria (Post-conference excursion)
Nikolaas van der Merwe Department of Archaeology, University of Cape
Town
PROGRAMME
Sunday 28 August
17h00-18h30 Registration and Welcome cocktail party
Monday 29 August 2005
Welcome
Judith Sealy and Julia Lee-Thorp
Why study preservation of calcified tissues in archaeology and
palaeontology, and how best to do it?
Session
1 Experimental approaches to diagenesis
- Bocherens, Hervé, D. Drucker, D. Billiou, J.-M. Geneste,
B.
Kervazo.
Grotte Chauvet (Ardèche, France): A "natural experiment" for
bone diagenesis in karstic context.
- Trueman, Clive N., A.K Behrensmeyer, N. Tuross and S. Weiner.
Mechanisms of bone recrystallisation: Insights from long-term natural
weathering experiments.
- Dauphin, Y., A. Denis, P. Massard, and C. Quantin
In situ and in vitro experimental diagenesis of teeth of Sus scrofa
- Turner-Walker, Gordon and E.E. Peacock.
Bone diagenesis in northern bogs: experimental bog bodies
- Fernández-Jalvo, Yolanda, E-M Geigl, V. Bessa-Correia, C.
Smith, D. Pesquero, B. Sánchez, and P. Andrews.
Experiments
on early diagenesis
- Smith, Colin, M. Faraldos, and Y. Fernandez-Jalvo.
Pores, preparation and precision: The use of porosity measurements for
investigating early diagenesis
- Brady,Allyson, C. White, F. Longstaffe, and G. Southam.
Microbial diagenesis of hydroxyapatite: In situ IR-laser ablation
analysis of carbon and oxygen isotopes
- Martin C., Ilhem Bentaleb, R. Kaandorp, P. Iacumin and K. Chatri
High resolution study of modern rhinoceros enamel d18O: sampling
strategy and diagenesis proxy
Session
2 Diagenesis and taphonomy
- Conard, Nicholas J. and Andrew W. Kandel
Faunal preservation in deflation hollows and the limits of simplistic
taphonomic models based on bone density
- Matthews, Thalassa.
The Langebaanweg micromammals: A taxonomic and taphonomic comparison
between the two main fossil-bearing horizons.
- Neeser, Rudolph, R. R. Ackermann, and J. Gain.
On correcting plastic distortion
Session
3 Histological and microstructural changes
- Jans, Miranda M.E., M.J. Collins, H. Kars
Histological characterization of the degradation of archaeological bone
- Turner-Walker, Gordon and M.M.E. Jans.
Reconstructing taphonomic histories using histological analysis.
- Chinsamy, Anusuya.
Preservation of fossil bone microstructure
- Keynote public lecture by Dr
C.K. (Bob) Brain FRSSA
Learning the language of the
bones
Tuesday 30 August 2005
Session 4 Quantifying diagenesis in old fossil material
- Botha, Jennifer, J. A. Lee-Thorp and A. Chinsamy.
An examination of Middle Triassic cynodont tooth enamel chemistry using
Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and stable light isotopes
- Labs-Hochstein, Joann and B. J. MacFadden
Quantification of diagenesis of Cenozoic shark centra Scientific
session
- Segalen, Loïc, M. de Rafelis, J. A. Lee-Thorp, and M.
Renard.
Diagenetic study of fossil mammal teeth enamel (Miocene, Namibia) using
cathodoluminescence and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry
- Stathopoulou, Elizabeth, V. Psycharis, G. D. Chryssikos and V.
Gionis.
Bone diagenesis: new data from Infrared Spectroscopy and X-ray
Diffraction
- MacFadden, Bruce J. and J. Labs-Hochstein
Physical properties, diagenesis, and stable isotope signatures of
fossil sloth teeth (Mammalia, Edentata).
Poster
Session
- Dauphin Y., Williams C.T.
Comparative diagenesis of fossil reptile and mammal teeth.
- Dewar, Genevieve.
Micromammals: When humans are the hunters.
- Drucker, Dorothée, and Hervé Bocherens
Further criteria to assess collagen preservation for isotopic studies.
- Fourie, Nicolaas, J.A. Lee-Thorp and R. R Ackermann
Subtle dietary differences amongst related sympatric fossil Papionins
from Makapansgat Limeworks revealed by tooth enamel d13C.
- Jacques, Lucile, N. Ogle, F. Godiard, C. Merlet, I. Moussa, H.
Bocherens, P. Vignaud, M. Brunet, C. Gril, J.-M. Peiris and R. Kalin
Continuous Flow Mass Spectrometry: A solution for d13C and d18O
measurement of heavily oxide-contaminated fossil tooth enamel samples.
- Jans M.M.E. and H. Kars
A histological atlas of the degradation of archaeological bone.
- Kiura, P., M. Sponheimer and J.W.K. Harris
An actualistic and stable isotope study of diet in three modern
communities, Northern Kenya.
- Munro, L.E., F.J. Longstaffe, C.D. White
Bioapatite recrystallization during burning and boiling: effects on
phosphate and carbonate stable isotope compositions
- Pesquero Fernández, Dolores, V. Bessa Correia, B.
Sánchez-Chillón, E-M Geigl, Y.
Fernández-Jalvo,
and L. Alcalá.
Fossil bacteria and morpho-histological modifications from Concud
(Teruel, Spain)
- Stathopoulou, Elizabeth, G. Theodorou, I. Panayides.
Black bones from Aghia Napa, Cyprus: oxide staining vs. burning.
- Jessica C. Thompson and Brian Stewart.
Quantifying and correcting for the impacts of post-depositional
processes on bone surface modification frequencies: Case studies from
two Pleistocene fossil assemblages.
Wednesday 31 August 2005
Session 5 Elemental mobility and composition
- Prevec, S.A. and C.M. Steiniger
A preliminary investigation of diagenesis and fossilisation of bone in
Archaean dolomitic host rock, Cradle of Humankind, South Africa
- Lee-Thorp, Julia, M. Sponheimer, D. De Ruiter, and A. Spath
Detecting movement across the landscape using strontium isotope ratio
tracking in tooth enamel of fossils: opportunities and constraints
- Pole, S., E. Cukrowska, T. S. McCarthy, L. Backwell and C.
Steininger.
The chemical removal of manganese dioxide coatings from fossil bone
- Tütken, Thomas, H-U Pfretzschner and T. Vennemann.
Early diagenesis of bone and tooth phosphate: Implications from
isotopic and elemental compositions of Late Pleistocene mammal remains
from fluvial, marine, and permafrost settings
Session
6 Preservation and patterning of biomolecules
- Hedges, Robert E. M. and J. S. O. McCullagh
The incorporation of dietary molecules into living bone, and their
detection in archaeological specimens
- Koon, H.E.C., Collins, M.J. and Covington, T.
A new look at unraveling bone collagen
- Collins, Matthew J., H. Koon, K. Penkman, M. Buckley, and R. Griffin
Linked mineral and molecular diagenesis
- Tuross, Noreen.
The other oxygen isotope source in enamel
- Bocherens, H. and Hedges, R.E.M.
Discussion: acceptable indicators for well-preserved collagen in light
isotope and radiocarbon research.
- Pruvost, Mélanie, V. Bessa Correia, Y. Fernandez-Jalvo,
and
Eva-Maria Geigl.
Storage of fossil bones in museums can be detrimental to DNA recovery
- Pruvost, Mélanie, T. Grange and Eva-Maria Geigl.
New approaches to increase reliability of "fossil" DNA studies
- Panel Discussion: Beyond
documenting diagenesis - the way forward?
Chair: Judith Sealy
Hervé Bocherens, Robert Hedges, Yolanda Fernandez-Jalvo,
Noreen
Tuross, Matthew Collins, Julia Lee-Thorp.
(2) IIND MEETING ON TAPHONOMY AND FOSSILIZATION : TAPHOS' 96 :
The proceedings volume is available at an special offer price of 5500 pta, postage and sending included (about 220 FF, or 28 sterling pounds). It can be directly ordered to the editorial Institution at the following address: Institucion Fernando el Catolico (CSIC); Pza de Espana 2; 50071 Zaragoza, Spain. Fax Nr: (34) 976.288869 - Payment can be made by Postal payment or Mail Order; Invoice, or Credit Card.
The Field Guide of the excursion is available at the Secretary of the Congress. It can be directly ordered to: Isabel Perez Urresti, Dpto. Geologia (Paleontologia), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza (Spain). Fax Nr: (34) 976.761088
Some papers of this meeting are now
published in Cuadernos de geologia
iberica, 1997, vol. 23.
The III Meeting on Taphonomy and Fossilization will be held in
University of
Valencia in five years. It will be organized by our colleagues of the
Department
of Geology, under the general title: International Congress on
Taphonomy. It
will be organized by Prof. Miquel de Renzi. Address: Departamento de
Geologia, Univ. Valencia. Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas. c./ Dr.
Moliner 50;
46100 Burjassot (Valencia) Spain.
Guillermo Melendez, Dpto.
Geologia (Paleontologia), Univ. Zaragoza;
50009
Zaragoza (Spain)
Organizers : Dave Martill & Mike Barker Dept. Geol. University of Portsmouth (UK)
The morning session ended with Sarah Gabbott illustrating the gigantic second known occurrence of the conodont animal, Promissum pulchrum, from the Soom Shale of S. Africa, in which soft tissue is apparently preserved by a clay mineral coating rather than by phosphatization, an entirely new style of soft -tissue preservation.
Dick Aldridge started the afternoon session with a review of the discovery of the orignal conodont animal and the taxonomic and taphonomic consequences of this discovery.
David Unwin followed with an outline of how sof tissue preservation of the wing membrane in pterosoaurs enabled the choice to be made between several alternative reconstructions of their wings with inevitable consequences for interpretations of their modes of flight. The final talk brought us full circle with Dave Martill discussing how exceptional preservation of soft tissue in ichthyosaurs contributed to the evolution of reconstructions of these extinct 'reptiles'.
Altogether this was a most successful review seminar, presenting some of the best in current palaeontological research illustrated by some of the finest fossils and it was a real pleasure to attend. The organizers and speakers a are to be wholeheartedly congratulated. If you weren't there you may not be square, but you certainly missed one of the best palaeontological meeting of the recent years.
C.R.C. PAUL
This fourth Spring Meeting, which took place in London on April 19, 1997, aimed to bring together workers from different disciplines with common interest in phosphate chemistry. The first part of this meeting was interested in the importance of phosphate in biological systems with special regards with bones composition and diagenesis. The second part was dedicated to the crystallography and the sedimentary evolution of phosphatic minerals. Some posters were also presented about various subjects. In the morning, six oral communications were performed on biogenic phosphate.
1) The first communication, named 'Biomimetic Calcium Phosphates' (S. Mann) was about the biogenic phosphate formation and the organic control involved in the biomineralisation process. The nucleation and the evolution to complex architectural crystals were obtained with calcium enriched-phosphate in solution of water and oil. The maturation of the crystals bring them into forms similar to the structure of corals.
2) T. Nicholson & P. Wyeth in the paper 'Australian Parrotfish with an Apatite for Coral Crunching' discussed about the nature and the structure of those fish teeth which are particularly robust and permit the gathering of algae onto the corallian substrata. This study has revealed that the parrotfish teeth is a predominantly carbonated fluoroapatite. The structure appears to be very complex, with a first network orthogonal and parallel to the tooth side composed of prisms, and a second one composed of tubules orthogonal to the tooth side and finally a third one formed of closely arranged small rods. The mechanical properties of this exceptional dentition does not actually seem to be clearly correlated with structure but further investigations may assess the relationship between physical strain and internal architecture.
3) The third paper called 'Crystal Chemistry and Dissolution of the Calcium Phosphates in the Dental Enamel' (S. Dowker) deals with the chemical composition of dental enamel and the result on caries formation. The carbonate ion (CO3 2-) seems important as it increases the rate of dissolution of synthetic apatite in acidic solution. On the contrary, the increase of fluoride content in synthetic apatite is linked to a decrease of solubility, and thus has the opposite effect that carbonate. This study revealed that mineralisation and demineralisation in the biological system is not directly correlated to the rate of dissolution of enamel and appears more complex in comparison to the laboratory situation. Likewise, the caries formation is due to a demineralisation of dental enamel by dissolution with carboxylic acids produced by bacteria. This occurs surprisingly not onto the interface but rather at the subsurface of enamel: it is probably due to a change in the chemical properties of the apatitic surface crystals. More, despite high fluoride content in enamel lattice decrease its solubility, remineralisation appears to result to the presence of a fluoride-satured fluid in the mouth that tip the acidic trend in a carious lesion.
4) L. Quattropani et al. discussed in the paper 'Surface Characterisation of Archaeological Bones' the importance of elements in cross sections of bones from two archaeological sites with different age and burial environment. Analyses were carried out by means of a Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE). Incorporation of diagenetic elements is dependant on a preliminary dissolution of the matrix. As the results exhibit a general decrease of element content such as Mn, Fe, Ni and Zn from the edge to the core of the bone, the diagenesis of this material could be interpreted by a simple phenomenon of dissolution-incorporation. But experimental studies has revealed that metallic ions (such as Ni2+ and Zn2+) inhibit dissolution, indicating that diagenesis is not only a degradation process but could also preserve bone from the environment.
5) In the paper 'Dinosaur Bones, Real or Pseudomorph? Mineralogical and Geochemical Evidence from Mesozoic Bone Assemblages', C.N. Trueman suggests that archaeological and palaeontological bones fossilize into two distinct process. The fisrt is slower than the second and is commonly characterized by an increase in crystallinity with a decrease in mineralogical CO3 content and a loss in collagenic organic matter. The second process is defined by a pseudomorphosis which transforms carbonate hydroxylapatite into carbonate fluoroapatite. This change is also characterized by a global enrichment in trace elements. Finally, some criteria for selecting optimum fossils for palaeoecological studies were proposed, such as: enamel should be prefered to bone, low content of REE, U and Sr should be required, a close correlation between d18O carbonate and d18O phosphate must be observed.
6) A new model of bone architecture was proposed by B.A. Cressey & G. Cressey in the paper entitled 'A New Model for the Architecture of Bone Revealed by Transmission Electron Microscopy'. The microstructure could be interpreted as an arrangement of boxes in which 'walls' should be the a-axis sides of carbonate hydroxylapatite and 'roof' a sub-orthogonal lath of collagenic matter.
Six other papers related to exotic phosphate were presented in the afternoon.
7) F.C. Hawthorne presented a new way to classify the large family of 'hydroxy-hydrated-phosphate' in the keynote paper 'Principles of Social Behaviour in Exotic Phosphates'. Based on the chemical couple Lewis-acid /Lewis-base, it was demonstrated that phosphatic structure may be organized through a polymerisation system into structural unit such as unconnected polyhedra, clusters, chains, sheets and frameworks. It was also demonstrated that it is (OH) and (H2O) which control the spacial organisation of the structural unit by the way of the amount of hydrogen.
8) 'A Unique Assembly of Mg-phosphate from the Modum (Norway) Serpentine-magnesite Rocks' was a paper presented by G. Raade which dealed with the magmatic origin of lenses of serpentine- magnesite in the precambrian terrane of Modum.
9) A.M. Fransolet in the paper 'The Allaudite Group Minerals: their Crystallochemical Flexibility and their Modes of Formation in the Granite Pegmatites' demonstrates that the commonly admitted compositional gap between the two allaudite structures, Allaudite and Wyllieite groups, should be preserved
10) A. Longinelli, in the keynote paper 'Oxygen Isotopic Composition of Phosphates: an Archive of Environmental and Palaeoenvironmental Information' relates the technological advances in the field of phosphate isotopic chemistry in relation to palaeotemperature. As studies on marine and freshwater had exhibit interesting results on palaeoenvironment and phosphate cycle (although change of original isotopic information caused by diagenesis must be taken into account), attention is actually focused on terrestrial material. It appears that, in the same species, variations of isotopic oxygen of bone phosphate (carbonate hydroxylapatite) should be interpreted in terms of difference in the isotopic composition of incorporated water during life time, and thus in turn to temperature. This offers new perspectives for ecological studies for extinct species whenever diagenesis has not altered primary isotopic signatures.
11) A study of Pb contamination in soil has been performed by J. Cotter-Howells which was presented results in the paper 'Lead Phosphate Formation in Soils'. It was thus demonstrated that the formation of Pyromorphite, a stable Pb mineral, is obtained by weathering of Pb compounds in the presence of phosphate. This mineral reduce notably the free Pb content in soil and then the bioavailibility for human.
12) The last paper was presented by H. Siegmund with the title 'A Pathway of Phosphogenesis in Anoxic Black Shales'. Redox conditions seem to monitor apatic or black-shale formation in three general phases: a- Sedimentation of laminated organic carbon-rich muds during low oxygen supply. b- Leaching of phosphate by microbial degradation with high oxygen supply. c- Return of anoxic conditions.<
Vincent Balter - Laboratoire de
Geologie des Bassins Sedimentaires -
Universite
Paris 6, Paris, France
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
THIRD INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE ON BONE DIAGENESIS
C.M. NIELSEN-MARSH & R.E.M. HEDGES:
Dissolution experiments on
modern and diagenetically altered bone and the effect on the infrared
splitting
factor, 485-490.
Extraits du Bulletin, 1997, t. 168, n 5
M.J. BARKER, J.B. CLARKE & D.M.
MARTILL:
Mesozoic reptile bones as
diagenetic windows, 535-545.
E.R. WAITE, A.M. CHILD, O.E. CRAIG, M.J.
COLLINS, K.
GELSTHORPE
& T.A. BROWN: A
preliminary investigation of DNA stability in
bone during
artificial diagenesis, 547-554.
H. BOCHERENS, A. TRESSET, F. WIEDEMANN, F.
GILIGNY,
F. LAFAGE,
Y. LANCHON & A. MARIOTTI:
Diagenetic evolution of mammal bones
in two
French Neolithic sites, 555-564.
Extraits du Bulletin, 1997, t. 168, n 6
C. DENYS, P. ANDREWS, Y. DAUPHIN, T.
WILLIAMS &
Y.
FERNANDEZ-JALVO: Towards a
site classification: comparison of the
diversity of taphonomic and diagenetic patterns and processes,
751-757.
C. MONTGELARD, M.C. BUCHY, P. GAUTRET
& Y.
DAUPHIN:
Biogeochemical characterization of ichthyosaur bones from Holzmaden
(Germany, Lias), 759-766.
J.A. LEE-THORP, L. MANNING
& M.
SPONHEIMER: Problems and
prospects for carbon isotope analysis of very small samples of fossil
tooth
enamel., 767-773.
C. BLONDEL H. BOCHERENS
& A. MARIOTTI:
Stable carbon and oxygen
isotope ratios in ungulate teeth from French Eocene and Oligocene
localities,
775-781.
Extraits du Bulletin, 1998, t. 169, n 1
L. ALCALA & C.M. ESCORZA: Modelling
diagenetic
bone fractures, 101-108.
S. TURBAN-JUST
& S. SCHRAMM:
Stable
carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios
of individual amino acids give new insights into bone collagen
degradation,
109-114.
Extraits du Bulletin, 1998, t. 169, n 3
T.I. MOLLESON, C.T. WILLIAMS, G. CRESSEY
&
V.K.
DIN:
Radiographically opaque bones from lead-lined coffins at Christ Church,
Spitalfields, London : an extreme example of bone diagenesis,
425-432.
P. ANDREWS & M. ARMOUR-CHELU:
Taphonomic
observations on a
surface bone assemblage in a temperate environment,
433-442.
T.A. ELLIOTT, P.L. FOREY, C.T. WILLIAMS
& L.
WERDELIN: Application
of the solubility profiling technique to recent and fossil fish teeth,
443-451.
Conclusions:
H. BOCHERENS & C.
DENYS
Taphonomy and paleoecology of microvertebrates in Quaternary archaeological and paleontological sites. Poster Session 06 (Friday, August 8) and Workshop 06 (Saturday, August 9); Holmes A. Semken, Jr. and Christiane Denys, Co-Conveners.
First, we are pleased to report the creation of a new internet-based journal: "Cave Archaeology and Palaeontology Research Archive". There clearly was interest in the journal by the workshop participants.
Seventeen posters were presented by specialists from 11 countries during the symposium (titles listed below), eleven were primarily oriented toward taphonomy and six focused on palaeoecology. Several papers considering palaeoecology did not deal with taphonomy, and vice versa, which indicates that there still is a gap between two disciplines which should be closely integrated according to Shipman's (1991) definition of taphonomy. However, the presence of two papers on herpetology and on ichtyology indicates that the importance of these microvertebrates in palaeoecology is now being considered. Two posters emphasized the problems of modern variability of species and the need for correct taxonomy before any palaeoecological or biogeographical conclusions are possible; the need to understand variability among populations also is essential to properly interpret both isotopic and paleodiet data. Other posters emphasized the importance of determining the predator(s) responsible for the origin of a vertebrate accumulation. The recognition of human-derived accumulations and how humans as an agent of accumulation will bias micromammal assemblages is especially important.
In the workshop, the initial discussion focused on the problem of identifying human consumption of micromammals. How long do bones stay in the digestive track of humans and how does this affect the specimens? Some previous studies found that bones recovered from human feces were similar to those produced by dogs and show both rounding on sharp edges and porous condition. Other work has shown little, if any, evidence of micromammal bone modification by human digestion. The affect of human digestion on micromammal bone is very variable. Work should be undertaken to quantify breakage patterns of micromammals recovered from human feces to determine if micromammals were chewed, swallowed whole or broken prior to ingestion. Also, it was suggested that we need systematic work on evaluating the content of modern human feces recovered from natural environments. In addition, paying more attention to patterns of micromammal distribution within layers and their context within the archaeological deposits could document human-micromammal relationships, e.g. density plots can show association with either human activity or other agents.
The participants then engaged in a discussion on the quality of the representation of prey in raptor pellets and the possibility of determining predators responsible for micomammal remains in time-averaged assemblages. It was proposed that recognition of a mixture of predators in producing bone accumulations in a site can be an indication of time averaging. There was re-elaboration that it is still necessary to evaluate the bias induced by predators on the overall micromammlian fauna before any palaeoecological work is valid. Methods of predator recognition, with the help of biochronology, can allow separation of different time assemblages because different predators were involved.
Concern was expressed regarding isotopic approaches to interpreting climatic variability and especially, paleodiet reconstruction. Care must be exercised about interpretations of seasonality from isotopes because small mammals (also large mammals) may change their diet and habitat seasonally even if they are ubiquitous; this may led to bad conclusions. Then the discussion changed to the mean time necessary to produce a micromammal assemblage. Most agreed that this rarely is over a hundred years in a cave. Some suggested that modern owl pellet assemblages should be excavated and studied as in an archaeological excavation.
Then the discussion was oriented toward the underlying problem of sampling, especially for people working in calcified breccia deposits (South African caves for instance) and how collect the blocks and prepare breccia in the least destructive manner possible. Everybody recognized the need to count specimens (NISP? MNI? MNE?) in the same manner in order to better compare data between sites. However, no clear consensus was reached on that point.
The success of both the
workshop and poster session suggested that
another
micromammal program should be scheduled for the next INQUA conference
that
will be held in Reno, Nevada (USA) four years from now.
C. Denys (denys@mnhn.fr)
Holmes
Semken (holmes-semken@uiowa.edu)
LIST OF THE POSTERS
1. Nadja Alexeeva. Pleistocene
small mammals of the East
Transbaikalaia:
correlation and implication for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction.
2. Laura Bonfiglio, Gabriella
Mangano & Antonella C. Marra. Late
Pleistocene
hyaena dens from a large cave deposits of Sicily (Italy).
3. Luis Alberto Borrero
& Fabiana Maria Martin. Rodent remains
from Dos
Herrduras Rockshelter #3, Seno de la Ultima Esperanza, Chile.
4. Denys, C., Andrews, P.,
Fernandez-Jalvo, Y. Quantitative
taphonomy: a new
method for estimating predation in micromammals assemblages.
5. Fernández-Jalvo,
Y., Denys, C., Andrews, P. and Scott, L.
Small mammal
taphonomy of Pleistocene sites: human influence, palaeoecological
disturbance.
6. M.H. Field (David Keen
presenter). Taphonomic investigation of
macroscopic
plant remains in a lacustrine environment.
7. C. P. Gleed-Owen. The
palaeoclimatic and biostratigraphic
significance of
British Quaternary herpetofaunas.
8. Gómez, Gustavo
N., Fernández - Jalvo Yolanda ,
María T. Alberdi y José L.
Prado. Arroyo Seco 2 archaeological site (Tres Arroyos, Buenos Aires,
Argentina): micro- and meso-mammal taphonomy and paleoecology. A
preliminary analysis.
9. Ernest L. Lundelius, Jr.
& Michael B. Collins. Speleological
contexts of
micromammalian assemblages from caves and rockshelters in the Texas
hill
country: retrospects and prospects.
10. Thalassa Matthews.
Identifying the predators responsible for the
micromammal assemblages from Elands Bay Cave, South Western Cape, South
Africa.
11. Adam Nadachowski. Voles as
palaeoecological indicators in the
European
Quaternary: two case studies.
12. B. Saavedra & J.A.
Simonetti. Holocene history of caviomorph
rodents in the
Mediterranean region of Chile.
13. C. Garth Sampson. Late
Holocene Amphibian Remains from Karoo
Rock
Shelters, South Africa.
14. Semken Jr., Holmes A.
& Scott A. Behrends. Comparison of
paleoecological
interpretations derived from two juxtaposed, contemporaneous
micromammal
faunas collected from cultural and non-cultural associations; Great
Plains of
North America: is there a cultural filter?
15. F.
Sénégas, J. Michaux & F. Laudet. Recent
and
fossil microfauna from the
area of Drimolen (Gauteng, South Africa): palaeonvironmental
implications.
16. Kathlyn M. Stewart, Leola
Leblanc, Diana Matthiesen & Jolee
West (Holmes
Semken Jr presenter). Micromammal remains from a modern raptor roost:
implications for fossil assemblages.
17. J.F. Thackeray, A. van de
Venter, J. van Heerden, C.T. Chimimba
and J.A.
Lee-Thorp. Stable carbon isotope ratios in four subspecies of modern Aethomys
namaquensis: spatial
variability as a possible analogue of
temporal variability.
18. Steven C. Wallace. Use of
discriminate analysis to identify two
enigmatic
microtines on the Great Plains of North America.
FernándezJalvo
Y.;
SánchezChillón B.; Alcalá L.
- The
Fourth International Meeting on
Bone Diagenesis - Archaeometry 44, 3, 315-318
Hedges
R.E.M. - Bone diagenesis:
an overview of
processes - Archaeometry 44, 3, 319-328
Balter
V.; Saliège J.F.; Bocherens H.; Person A.
- Evidence of physicochemical and isotopic
modifications in archaeological bones during controlled acid etching -
Archaeometry 44, 3,
329-336
Geigl
E.M. - On the circumstances
surrounding the
preservation and analysis of very old DNA
Archaeometry 44, 3, 337-3
Jans
M.M.E.; Kars H.; NielsenMarsh C.M.; Smith C.I.;
Nord A.G.; Arthur P.; Earl N.
- In
situ preservation of archaeological bone: a histological study within a
multidisciplinary
approach - Archaeometry 44, 3, 343-352
FernándezJalvo
Y.;
SánchezChillón B.; Andrews P.;
FernándezLópez S.; Alcalá
Martínez L.
- Morphological taphonomic transformations of fossil bones in
continental
environments, and repercussions on their chemica composition -
Archaeometry 44, 3, 353-361
Matthews
T. - South African
micromammals and
predators: some comparative results -
Archaeometry 44, 3, 363-370
Trueman
C.N.; Martill D.M. - The
longterm
survival of bone: the role of bioerosion -
Archaeometry 44, 3, 371-382
Collins
M.J.; NielsenMarsh C.M.; Hiller J.; Smith C.I.;
Roberts J.P.; Prigodich R.V.; Wess
T.J.; Csapò J.; Millard A.R.; TurnerWalker G.
-
The survival of organic matter in bone: a
review- Archaeometry 44, 3, 383-394
Götherström
A.; Collins M.J.; Angerbjörn A.;
Lidén K. - Bone
preservation and DNA
amplification - Archaeometry 44, 3, 395-404
Smith
C.I.; NielsenMarsh C.M.; Jans M.M.E.; Arthur P.;
Nord A.G.; Collins M.J. -
The
strange case of Apigliano: early 'fossilization' of medieval bone in
southern Italy - Archaeometry
44, 3, 405-415
de
Torres T.; Ortiz J.E.; Llamas F.J.; Canoira L.;
Juliá R.; GarcíaMartínez M.J.
- Bear
dentine aspartic acid racemization analysis: a proxy for the dating of
Pleistocene cave infills -
Archaeometry 44, 3, 417-426
Tuross
N. - Alterations in fossil
collagen -
Archaeometry 44, 3, 427-434
LeeThorp
J. - Two decades of
progress towards
understanding fossilization processes and
isotopic signals in calcified tissue minerals - Archaeometry 44 3,
435-446
Reiche
I.; Vignaud C.; Menu M. -
The crystallinity
of ancient bone and dentine: new insights
by transmission electron microscopy - Archaeometry 44, 3, 447-459
TurnerWalker
G.; Syversen U. -
Quantifying
histological changes in archaeological bones
using BSESEM image analysis - Archaeometry 44, 3, 461-468
Denys
C. - Taphonomy and
experimentation -
Archaeometry 44, 3,469-484
Roberts
S.J.; Smith C.I.; Millard A.; Collins M.J.
- The taphonomy of cooked bone:
characterizing boiling and its physicochemical effects -
Archaeometry 44, 3, 485-494
Costamagno
S. - Laboratory
taphonomy--material loss
and skeletal part profiles: the example of
Saint Germain la Rivière (Gironde, France) - Archaeometry
44,
3,
495-504 2002
Institut Jacques Monod CNRS/University Paris Diderot Paris 7 in Paris, France
Monday 14 September 2009
Welcome
Return to Table of Contents